ASSESSING VALUE
Llama buying guide
Llamas are very intelligent animals, since their brain and their watchfulness are the only protection God gave them.   Although generally easygoing and gentle, their natural intelligence means that they have an equally wide range of personalities, and no two are alike.  Physical similarities vary pretty widely too, almost as much as dogs; and so do the fickle tastes of supply and demand, sometimes favoring one look, sometimes another. This makes assessing market value something of a challenge, so we have developed a uniform system for all the llamas we sell.  No two buyers are alike either, so we try to make sure that our llamas are a good match with their owners, both in terms of use and budget.
a short explanation of our pricing system
start with $200  for a short, unattractive llama with no training and a wary temperament (your basic 'llamower').
add   $50---$300 for personality from average up to something really trusting
add   $150 if basic training is completed (comes to signal, halters, leads, transports)
add   $50---$200 depending on how fancy it looks: nice head, ears, pretty pattern, flashy color
add   $100---$500 for great physique: size, balance, correct limbs, smoothness, stamina
add   $100---$500 for experience: advanced training, trail miles, kidproof, pack certification
subtract  10% depreciation factor to offset aging for each year from 8 to 18.
subtract for health problems, handling difficulties or major limb deformities
breeding llamas only: double   the total above if sold for breeding.  (Not all llamas are breeding quality.)
subtract for any history of conceiving, birthing or nursing problems in females
subtract  for any less-than-optimum genetics in subject, offspring or close relatives
subtract for youth and inexperience, unless the stud or doe is guaranteed fertile
add   $100--$500 for baby inside (depending on likely quality and how far along)

What follows is the detailed chart we use to determine the price of llamas we sell.
It covers llamas from a value range of $3000 maximum to essentially worthless. Your basic llama starts with a value of $200.  from that number, it gains or loses value according to age, temperament, conformation, size, buyer appeal, and training.   Any llama whose value drops below  $100 is essentially worth no more than its hide.    This is the case with extreme training or personality problems, bad injuries or health problems, older animals, and dysfunctional conformation.  At this time, a point is valued at $20.

about temperament:  In a lifestyle (as opposed to a breeder) market, temperament is the single greatest factor affecting price, because it most directly affects how rewarding it is to own and work with an animal. We have ten descriptions in this category:  the most valuable is exceptional, by which we mean the llama as good as it gets, an animal who enjoys your company and will try its hardest to do what you want it to.   Following in descending order is trusting, the llama who can usually be field-captured and is easy to work with; cooperative, your basic easygoing or well trained llama with a generally good opinion of people; curious, which defines the llama who is at least interested in approaching to see if nice things are in the offing.  There is average, which typifies the untrained llama who has no prejudices, but prefers not to be caught;  shy, the llama who is somewhat more fearful than the others, perhaps a bottom-of-the-herd type who expects to be picked on or a slightly-misprinted male who worries about the possibility of attack; scared, same as above, but more so, which will start to affect other herd members; cranky, the llama who has had bad experiences with people or a genetically lousy temperament and takes several times the effort to train; and freaky, which describes a temperament about as bad as it gets, wild as a deer, hard to work with and sets off the rest of the herd.
 The points/value spread between  the best possible and the worst possible temperaments is $200 for non-breeding and $400 for breeding (in llamas, temperament is extremely hereditary).   The spread becomes much greater it this is compounded (as it probably will be) by training/PR points for an excellent temperament, who will probably be easy to train; and lost points for a poor one, who will likely develop some bad habits which often accompany difficult temperaments unless they are handled by very knowledgeable people with a good training layout.  This can cost the hard-to-handle 8 points (-$160)  and add up to 28 points (+$480) to the very best temperaments, which can drive the total spread between the worst and the best personalities (all other factors being identical) to $1,000.  Anybody experienced in handling both types will consider this a conservative amount.

BASIC VALUE

breathing: 10 points
age:  subtract 1 point for every year  under 2; and 1 for every year from 8 - 18
temperament (add or subtract points)
exceptional +5 trusting +4 mellow +3 curious +2
average 0 timid-2  scared -3 cranky -4 freaky - 5
size measured at withers (top of shoulder)
(under 2 go by averaged size of parents)
+3  <45"_________________ -3  >42"
head appeal (cuteness)
+3  babyface +2 classic +1 rugged  0 ugly
+ 2 curved ears ________ straight ears  0
coat appearance
wool clean & classic ___________  matts easily
good fiber prospect __________  coarse / sparse
color, pattern  rare / flashy ________ homely
PERFORMANCE VALUE (can add up to 20 points)
basic handling add or subtract up to 8 points
capture --- comes to call & willing to enter catch pen
reliable+2 usually +1  avoids -1 resists -2
halter --- accepts, no head tossing, jerking or avoidance
reliable+2 usually+1   avoids-1 resists-2
lead --- does not drag, stays behind handler, changes pace
reliable+2 usually+1   avoids-1 resists-2
transport  --- will get into and out of a standard van or trailer
reliable+2 usually+1   avoids-1 resists-2
advanced handling  add points
PR friendly  (allows petting, does not startle in crowds)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
field capture  (will stand to be caught on command)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
saddle (stands reasonably still to be tacked & loaded)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
tie-out  (can be left on 6' collar line without tangling)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
advanced lead  (leads well in strange situations; backs up)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
string-along  (follows lead llama w/o crowding, passing)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
pack experience (minimum of 6 trail days; crosses creeks)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
advanced transport  (will jump into pickup, confined spaces)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
desensitized (picks up feet, allows leg/belly handling)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
master packer (proven ability, 20-plus trail days)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
cart trained (basic)
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
cart experienced
reliable+2 usually+1 unlearned 0
FUNCTIONAL CONFORMATION
(OK add 1; subtract for malfunction according to degree)
balance
good ________________________impaired
side  view  hind
good ________________________impaired
rear  view  hind
good ________________________impaired
side  view  fore
good ________________________impaired
front  view  fore
good ________________________impaired
feet/pasterns
good ________________________impaired
jaw
good ________________________impaired
back
good ________________________impaired

BREEDING VALUE

if sold for breeding: double the point value, then
for each problem 1st° relative (parent, grandparent, sibling) -3
for each offspring much worse than parent -3
unproven (not guaranteed) -3
no papers or not registered -3
for each offspring better than parent +3
for each champion 1st° relative +3
if blood or DNA typed +3
females only
for each pregnancy not resulting in a surviving cria -3
for each infertile year (open females use up eggs)  -3
for each birth with nursing problem -3
for each year past ten years of age -3
for each 3 successful birth/nursing events +3
for each trimester of a current pregnancy +3
males only
testicle size: large +2  average 0 small -4
BREEDING CONFORMATION
(for more on this, with pictures, go to  conformation section)
+2 (faultless)  to  (less than optimal) -2
balance
+2 upright _______________ squatty -2
head / neck or  limb disproportion
side  view  hind
sickle hock / post leg / camped out
rear  view  hind
cow hocks / bowlegs / base narrow
side  view  fore
buck knee / calf knee / overflexed elbow
front  view  fore
knock knee / bowlegs / wide chest
front view feet (fore & hind)
splayfoot / pigeon toe
side view feet (fore & hind)
long pasterns / dropped fetlock / cocked ankle
jaw  overbite / underbite
back sway back / humpback